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Pioneers  of  The  Cinema

Charlie Chaplin Page

Sergei Eisenstein Page

Douglas Fairbanks Page

D.W. Griffith Page

William S. Hart Page

Thomas H. Ince Page

Buster Keaton Pages

Tom Mix Page

Hal Roach Page

Mack Sennett Page

King Vidor Page

            the founders of United Artists Pictures in 1919: Douglas Fairbanks, D.W. Griffith, Mary Pickford (Fairbanks), and Charlie Chaplin            on this page:

The Pioneers

links

books

videos/DVDs

History of Cinema Pages

Great Films Before The Academy Awards



The  Pioneers

won Honorary Oscar in 1958     Gilbert M. 'Broncho Billy' Anderson  [1880-1971]
wrote, produced, directed & starred in almost 400 silent movies
IMDb listingBroadway creditsWikipedia

Niles Essanay Silent Film Museum in Fremont, CA
Broncho Billy Silent Film Festival in Fremont, CA
RTJ's Broncho Billy fansite

Broncho Billy & Essanay  
"Broncho Billy & The Essanay Film Company" [2003]
by David Kiehn

Farwell hardcover 10x7 [6/2003] for $32.50
Broncho Billy Anderson in The Son-of-a-Gun!   "The Son-of-A-Gun!" silent feature [Golden West/Sherry Feb 1919]
Co-written, produced & directed by & starring Broncho Billy Anderson, with Fred Church, Frank Whitson, A.E. Witting, Mattie Witting & Paul Willis
Unknown Video b&w DVD [11/2004] for $19.95
full credits at IMDb

director  Dorothy Arzner  [1897-1979]
browse Dorothy Arzner on DVDbook about careerIMDb listingWikipedia

Theodore  W.  Case  [1888-1944]
meager IMDb listing; no entry at Wikipedia

Case Research Laboratory Museum [built 1916] in Auburn, NY
a history of motion picture sound, 1910-1929 {at University of San Diego}

Now We're Talking  
"Now We're Talking: The Story of Theodore W. Case & Sound-On-Film"
[2003] by Antonia K. & Luke P. Colella

Authorhouse 9¼x6¼ pb [11/2003] for $13.95
Authorhouse hardcover [1/2003] out of print/rare

Sir Charles Chaplin  [1889-1977] Page

George Eastman  [1854-1932]
no data on IMDb • Wikipedia

Kodak website
George Eastman House Museum of Photography [built 1905; chartered 1947]
P.B.S. George Eastman bio
P.B.S. bio on VHS

Thomas Alva Edison  [1847-1931] Page
at Spirit of America Bookstore

Sergei M. Eisenstein  [1898-1948] Page

Louis Feuillade  [1873-1925]  of  France
browse Louis Feuillade on DVDIMDb listing 1905-24]Wikipedia

restored "Les Vampires" silent 1915 serial  "Les Vampires" [Gaumont silent serial Nov 1915]
A vast gang of crooks who call themselves 'The Vampires' is undone by an intrepid reporter and a reformed member of the gang. Written & directed by Louis Feuillade; starring Musidora {as Irma Vep}, Édouard Mathé, Marcel Lévesque, Jean Aymé, Fernand Herrmann & Stacia Napierkowska
Image Ent. subtitled silent b&w DVD [4/2005] 2 disks for $34.99
full credits from IMDbfilm entry at Wikipedia
restored "Judex" silent 1916 serial  "Judex" [Gaumont silent serial Dec 1916]
Following French movie pioneer Louis Feuillade's classic "Les Vampires" [1915], he made another great early serial, 12 episodes about a 'caped crusader' avenging wrongs, a precursor to Batman and The Shadow. Co-written & directed by Louis Feuillade; starring René Cresté {as Judex}, Musidora, René Poyen, Édouard Mathé, Gaston Michel & Yvonne Dario
Flicker Alley subtitled silent b&w DVD [6/2004] 2 disks for $39.95
full credits from IMDbfilm entry at Wikipedia
Gaumont Treasures Louis Feuillade on DVD  "Gaumont Treasures: 1897-1913" DVD Box Set [2009]
Kino Video b&w DVD set [9/2009] 85+ films on 3 disks for $79.95
DISK 2 contains 13 silent short films written and-or directed from 1907 to 1913 by Louis Feuillade [1873-1925], plus the documentary "Louis Feuillade: Master of Many Forms" [2009]
DISK 1 is films of Alice Guy-Blaché [1873-1968]; DISK 3 is of Léonce Perret [1880-1935]

actress Margarita Fischer {Pollard}  [1886-1975]
no browse/Amazon entry • IMDb listing [1910-27]Wikipedia

{husband} producer-director Harry A. Pollard  [1879-1934]
no browse/Amazon entry • IMDb listing [1910-32] Wikipedia

Margarita Fischer biography by Theresa St. Romain  
"Margarita Fischer: A Biography of The Silent Film Star" [2008]
by Theresa St. Romain

McFarland & Co. 10x7 hardcover [3/2008] for $55.00
Uncle Tom's Cabin 1927 silent feature   "Uncle Tom's Cabin" silent feature [Universal Pictures Nov 1927]
Based on the 1852 Harriet Beecher Stowe novel; one of the most expensive silent films ever made; the stereotypes and Victorian melodrama are counter-balanced by many moving moments and nail-biting action sequences, especially Eliza's escape across the ice floes. Kino's restoration includes a new recording of the original Movietone orchestral score. Presented by Carl Laemmle; co-produced & directed by Harry A. Pollard; starring Margarita Fischer, James B. Lowe, Arthur Edmund Carewe, George Siegmann, Eulalie Jensen, Mona Ray & Virginia Grey
Kino Video b&w DVD [11/99] out of prodn/used
Kino Intl. b&w VHS [11/99] out of prodn/used
full credits at IMDb

animators  Max & Dave Fleischer
producers of the Betty Boop, Popeye, Superman & Inkwell / Koko the Clown cartoons

more details (history, characters, books, DVDs, posters, links) on
Magic Lantern's Fleischer Studios [1921-42] Page

first cinematographer  Wm. Friese-Greene  [1855-1921]
Friese-Greene's claims to have invented various methods for motion picture photography are considered
to be false; virtually all of his inventions and patents, including a stereoscopic {3-D} camera (1898),
were either impractical or unsuccessful in the marketplace, and he died a pauper. Yet he is honored
as a cinema pioneer in Britain, because many of his ideas were later manifested by others.

B.F.I. profileIMDb listingWikipedia

"The First Cinematographer" 1999 lifesize bronze sculptures
of Wm. Friese-Greene by Diane Thomson of U.K.
sited at Shepperton & Pinewood & Panavison in U.K. and at Panavision in California

newspaper portrait of William Friese-Greene, circa 1890  
"Friese-Greene: Close-Up of An Inventor" biography [1948]
by Ray Allister

Arno Press facsimile edition hardcover [3/72] out of print/scarce
Marsland Publns hardcover [1948] out of print/used
The Magic Box 1952 feature film starring Robert Donat  "The Magic Box" [Festival of Film 1951, U.K. & USA 1952]
Produced by and for Britain's 1951 'Festival of Film', later released as a theatrical feature. Uses double flashback design to tell the story of the British portrait photographer obsessed with inventing a practical motion picture camera, and later a method for color cinematography. Directed by John Boulting; script by Eric Ambler, based on Ray Allister's biography; Technicolor cinematography by Jack Cardiff; with an all-star cast including Robert Donat {as Friese-Greene}, Margaret Johnston, Maria Schell, Richard Attenborough, Frederick Valk, Eric Portman, Laurence Olivier, Stanley Holloway, Michael Hordern, Michael Redgrave, Margaret Rutherford & Peter Ustinov
Region 1 DVD or VHS not available
full credits at IMDbmovie entry at BFI

Abel Gance  [1889-1981]  of  France
search for Abel Gance on VHS & DVDIMDb listingWikipedia

actress-writer-director  {Ms.} Gene Gauntier  [1885-1966]
IMDb listing [1906-20]Wikipedia

"The Girl Spy: An Incident of The Civil War" silent short [Kalem/G.F.C. May 1909]
Written by & starring Gene Gauntier; VHS/DVD/Blu-ray not available; bare credits at IMDb

"The Further Adventures of The Girl Spy" silent short [Kalem/G.F.C. April 1910]
Directed by Sidney Olcott; written by & starring Gene Gauntier; VHS/DVD/Blu-ray not available; bare credits at IMDb

"The Girl Spy Before Vicksburg" silent short [Kalem/G.F.C. Dec 1910]
Directed by Sidney Olcott; written by & starring Gene Gauntier; VHS/DVD/Blu-ray not available; bare credits at IMDb

"A Hitherto Unrelated Incident of The Girl Spy" [Kalem 1911]
Many questions exist about this film (or films): one version points to a two-year-long serial starring Gene Gauntier,
based on the success of prior shorts; if so, those episodes may be keyed onto IMDb as separate short films.

Written by & starring Gene Gauntier; bare credits at IMDb

"Blazing The Trail" autobiography serialized in Woman's Home Companion Magazine in 1928

D.W. Griffith  [1875-1948] Page

director  Alice Guy-Blaché  [1873-1968] Page
The only woman filmmaker to this day who owned her own studio.
Blaché made over 700 films; 130 films survive, but only 3 of her 40 features

Gaumont Treasures Alice Guy-Blaché on DVD  "Gaumont Treasures: 1897-1913" DVD Box Set [2009]
Kino Video b&w DVD set [9/2009] 85+ films on 3 disks for $79.95
DISK 1 contains 70+ silent short films produced and-or directed from 1897 to 1907 by Alice Guy-Blaché [1873-1968], including the 33-minute religious epic "La Vie du Christ" aka "The Birth, The Life and The Death of Christ" [1906], and performances by Félix Mayol with 'Phono-Cinema' synchronous sound
DISK 2 is films of Louis Feuillade [1873-1925]; DISK 3 is films of Léonce Perret [1880-1935]

cowboy star  William S. Hart  [1864-1946] Page
at 'Readers of The Purple Sage' Western Bookstore

studio head  Thomas H. Ince  [1882-1924] Page

comedian  Buster Keaton  [1895-1966] Pages

inventor  Louis  Aimé  Augustin  Le Prince  of  France
[1842 - disappeared 1890]

IMDb listingWikipedia

Victorian Cinema's Le Prince page

Missing Reel / Lost Inventor   "The Missing Reel: The Untold Story of The
Lost Inventor of Moving Pictures" [1990]
by Christopher Rawlence

Penguin 7¾x5¼ pb [3/92] out of print/used
Atheneum hardcover [12/90] out of print/rare

silent-era comedian
Max Linder  [1883-1925]  of  France Page

Lumière  Brothers  of  France
Louis [1864-1948] at IMDbAuguste [1862-1954] at IMDb
browse videos/DVDsWikipedia

Institut Lumière museum [est. 1982] in Lyon, France

Landmarks of Early Film vol 2  
"Landmarks of Early Film" Volume 1 [1994]
Image Ent b&w DVD [7/98] for $26.99
includes Edison Kinestoscope films (1894-96), films by the brothers Lumière (1895-97), films by French special effects pioneer Georges Méliès, documentary 'actualities' {1897-1910), and selected short films from 1903 to 1913
Lumière and Company film with 40 segments created on the 100-year-old Lumière camera  "Lumière and Company" [France Dec 1995, USA March 1996]
French producers asked 40 modern movie directors to use the 100-year-old Lumière camera to film 52-second shorts; other rules included non-synchronous sound, and maximum of three takes. Participating directors include Merzak Allouache, Theodoros Angelopoulos, Vicente Aranda of Spain, Gabriel Axel of Denmark, John Boor-man, Youssef Chahine of Egypt, Alain Corneau, Costa-Gavras, Raymond Depardon, Francis Girod, Peter Greenaway, Lasse Hallström, Michael Haneke, Hugh Hudson, Gaston Kaboré, Abbas Kiarostami of Iran, Cédric Klapisch, Andrei Konchalovsky of Russia, Patrice Leconte, Spike Lee, Claude Lelouch, Bigas Luna, David Lynch, Ismail Merch-ant & James Ivory, Claude Miller, Sarah Moon, Idrissa Ouedraogo of Burkina Faso, Arthur Penn, Lucian Pintilie, Jacques Rivette, Helma Sanders-Brahms, Jerry Schatzberg, Nadine Trintignant, Fernando Trueba, Liv Ullmann, Jaco van Dormael of Belgium, Régis Wargnier, Wim Wenders, Yoshishige Yoshida & Zhang Yimou: participating actors include Bruno Ganz, Isabelle Huppert, Liam Neeson, cinematographer Sven Nykvist, Lena Olin, Aidan Quinn, Stephen Rea, Alan Rickman & Max von Sydow
Fox Lorber color/b&w DVD [8/00] out of prodn/used
Fox Lorber color/b&w VHS [11/97] out of prodn/used
full credits at IMDb

Georges Méliès  [1861-1938]  of  France
search for Georges Méliès on VHS & DVDIMDb listingWikipedia

DW's Georges Méliès fansite

Georges Melies Encore rediscovered films   "Méliès Encore: 26 Additional Rare and Original Films By The First  
Wizard of Cinema, 1896-1911" [2010]

Flicker Alley b&w DVD [2/2010] for $17.99
contains 23 short films by Méliès, from fragments to half-hour works, plus imitator "Excursion To The Moon" and two 'in the Méliès style' by Segundo de Chomon
Georges Melies First Wizard of Cinema DVD box set   "Georges Melies: First Wizard of Cinema" DVD box set [2008]
Flicker Alley b&w/color DVD set [3/2008] 5 disks for $89.95
more than 170 short films by Méliès, fifteen in hand-tinted color, from fragments to half-hour works, including "Partie de Cartes" [1896], "After The Ball" [1897], "The Misfortunes of An Explorer" [1900], "A Trip To The Moon" [1902], "The Kingdom of Fairies" [1903], "The Impossible Voyage" [1904], "The Untamable Whiskers" [1904], "The Palace of The Arabian Knights" [1905], "The Merry Frolics of Satan" [1906], "Conquest of The Pole" [1912], and "Voyage de la Famille Bourrichon" [1913]; extras include Georges Franju's touching filmed tribute "Le Grand Méliès" [1953] (which features son André Méliès & widow Marie-Georges Méliès), and a booklet of essays
Georges Melies bio  
"Georges Méliès (French Film Directors Series)" [2000]
by Elizabeth Ezra

Manchester Univ Press 8x5 pb [9/2000] for $21.95
Manchester Univ Press 8x5¼ hardcover [9/2000] out of print/used
Méliès The Magician tv documentary   "Melies The Magician" tv documentary [Gaumont 1997]
Directed by Jacques Meny
Facets b&w DVD [1/2002] for $34.99
full credits at IMDb
Landmarks of Early Film Volume 2   "Landmarks of Early Film, Volume 2: The Magic of Méliès" [1994]
includes the documentary "Georges Melies: Cinema Magician" [1978] and 15 restored shorts
Image Ent. b&w/color DVD [3/99] for $26.99

Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame   'race' filmmaker  Oscar Micheaux  [1884-1951]
Oscar Micheaux, the son of freed slaves, worked as a Pullman porter and homestead farmer, and wrote autobiographical novels; when Hollywood wouldn't buy his stories, he took up filmmaking in 1919 (at age 35). He was more skilled at marketing movies than at making them, yet the 40-plus films that he produced over a 30-year span shed valuable light on the harsh realities of African American life. His career began to fizzle, along with race films, in the late 1930s, and he died in obscurity. Two-thirds of Micheaux's films are lost, and those surviving are mostly truncated by censorship.

Magic Lantern's Oscar Micheaux Page

cowboy star  Tom Mix  [1880-1940] Page
at 'Readers of The Purple Sage' Western Bookstore

F.W. Murnau  [1888-1931] of Germany
IMDb listingWikipedia

Murnau Silents Collection DVD box set from Kino Video  "Murnau Silents" DVD box set [2009]  
Kino Video b&w DVD set [3/2009] 6 disks for $89.99
contains "The Haunted Castle" [1921], "Nosferatu" [1922], "The Last Laugh" [1924], "The Finances of The Grand Duke" [1924], "Tartuffe" [1925], and "Faust" [1926]; extras include 3 documentaries, photo gallery

Eadweard Muybridge  [1830-1904]
postersbrowse booksArtcyclopediaWikipedia

Animals in Motion book by Eadweard Muybridge   "The Human Figure In Motion" [1955]
by Eadweard Muybridge, Edited by R. Taft

Dover Publng 11x8 hardcover [6/55] for $26.40
"Animals In Motion" [1957]
by Eadweard Muybridge, Edited by Lewis S. Brown

Dover Publng 10¾x8½ hardcover [6/57] for $26.37
River of Shadows / Eadweard Muybridge   "River of Shadows: Eadweard Muybridge & The Technological Wild West" [2003]
by Rebecca Solnit

Penguin 8½x5½ pb [3/2004] for $10.20
Viking 9¼x6¼ hardcover [1/2003] out of print/many used

actual footage shot by Eadweard Muybridge, made in 1878

Pathé Brothers  of  France

Charles Pathé [1863-1957]
IMDb listingWikipedia

with Émile, Théophile & Jacques Pathé founded

Société Pathé Frères [est. 28 September 1896] of Paris, France
company websiteWikipedia

Red Rooster Scare Making Cinema American book by Richard Abel   "The Red Rooster Scare: Making Cinema American, 1900-1910" [1999]
by Richard Abel

During the era of the nickelodeon theater, the French company Pathé dominated film distribution in America & Europe. But then American filmmakers fought back ...
Univ CA Press 8¾x6 pb [3/99] for $32.95
Univ CA Press 9¼x6 hardcover [3/99] for $55.00

Léonce Perret  [1880-1935]
search for Léonce Perret on DVDIMDb listing [1909-35]Wikipedia

Gaumont Treasures Léonce Perret on DVD   "Gaumont Treasures: 1897-1913" DVD Box Set [2009]
Kino Video b&w DVD set [9/2009] 85+ films on 3 disks for $79.95
DISK 3 contains two silent features written & directed in 1912 & 1913 by Léonce Perret [1880-1935], including the 100-minute silent feature "L'Enfant de Paris (The Child of Paris)" [1913] and the 45-minute silent feature "The Mystery of The Rocks of Kador" [1912], plus the documentary "Léonce Perret: The Filmmaker's Filmmaker" [2009]
DISK 1 is films of Alice Guy-Blaché [1873-1968]; DISK 2 is of Louis Feuillade [1873-1925]

Edwin S. Porter  [1870-1941]
search for Edwin S. Porter on VHS & DVDIMDb listingWikipedia

Before The Nickelodeon documentary film   "Before The Nickelodeon: The Early Cinema of Edwin S. Porter" [Oct 1982]
Co-produced, directed & edited by Charles Musser; written by Warren Leight; narration by silent-era star Blanche Sweet
Kino Video b&w/color DVD [4/2008] for $21.99
Kino Video color/b&w VHS [11/98] out of prodn/rare
full credits at IMDb
Before The Nickelodeon / Edwin S. Porter   "Before The Nickelodeon: Edwin S. Porter & The Edison Manufacturing Company" [1991]
by Charles Musser

Univ CA Press 9¼x6 pb [6/91] out of print/used
Univ CA Press 9¾x6¾ hardcover [6/91] out of print/used
Thomas Alva Edison Page / Edison Motion Pictures Section

studio head  Hal Roach  [1892-1992] Page
Laurel & Hardy Page
Little Rascals / Our Gang Page
U.S. Army's First Motion Picture Unit {at Hal Roach Studios in WWII) Page

History of Hal Roach Studios book by Richard Lewis Ward  
"A History of The Hal Roach Studios" [2005]
by Richard Lewis Ward

S.I.U. Press 9x6 pb [8/2006] for $16.88
S.I.U. Press 9¼x6¼ hardcover [3/2005] out of print/used

William Selig  [1864-1948]
IMDb listingWikipedia

star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame  Oscar for Best Short Subject for "Wrestling Swordfish" [1931]   Honorary Oscar in 1938      'The King of Comedy'  Mack Sennett  [1880-1960] Page

director  Wm. Desmond Taylor   [1872-1922]
IMDb listingWikipedia

MTS's Wm. Desmond Taylor fansite
BL's 'Taylorology' fansite
DMK's William Desmond Taylor fansite

director  King Vidor  [1894-1982] Page

Erich von Stroheim  [1885-1957]
browse Erich von Stroheim on DVDIMDb listingWikipedia

von Stroheim's "Greed" 1924 Movie Page

Erich von Stroheim biography by Arthur Lennig  
"Stroheim" biography [2000] by Arthur Lennig
Univ Press of KY 8½x5½ pb [4/2003] out of print/used
Univ Press of KY 10¼x6¼ hardcover [1/2000] for $45.00




Books

Hollywood On The Hudson book by Richard Koszarski   "Hollywood On The Hudson: Film & Television In New York From Griffith To Sarnoff" [2008]
by Richard Koszarski

Rutgers Univ Press 10x7 hardcover [7/2008] for $28.76
covers East Coast filmmakers, writers & actors: Thomas Edison, animators Max & Dave Fleischer, D.W. Griffith, Ben Hecht, Charles MacArthur, Oscar Micheaux, Paul Robeson, Gloria Swanson, Rudolph Valentino, and others
Images of America Silent-Era Filmmaking In Santa Barbara  
"Images of America: Silent-Era Filmmaking In Santa Barbara" [2007]
by Robert S. Birchard

Arcadia Publng 9x6¼ pb [7/2007] for $19.99
Images of America Fort Lee, NJ / Birthplace of the Motion Picture Industry  "Images of America: Fort Lee - Birthplace of The Motion Picture Industry" [2006]
by Fort Lee {NJ} Film Commission

Arcadia Publng 9x6¼ pb [9/2006] for $15.59
From Shadow Play to the Silver Screen  "Before Hollywood: From Shadow Play To The Silver Screen" [2005]
by Paul Clee

Clarion Books 9x9 pb [8/2005] for $14.96
Fort Lee Film Town book by Richard Koszarski   "Fort Lee: The Film Town" [2005]
by Richard Koszarski

John Libbey & Co. 9¼x7¾ pb [4/2005] for $27.95
Indiana Univ Press 9¾x8 hardcover [4/2005] out of print/used
Celebrating / Centenary of Cinema   "Celebrating 1895: The Centenary of Cinema" [1998]
Edited by John Fullerton

Indiana Univ Press hardcover [11/98] out of print/used
Who's Who of Victorian Cinema   "Who's Who of Victorian Cinema: A Worldwide Survey" [1996]
Edited by Stephen Herbert & Luke McKernan

British Film Institute 9¼x6½ hardcover [10/96] out of print/used

companion website

Emergence of Cinema to 1907   "The Emergence of Cinema: The American Screen To 1907" [1990]
by Charles Musser
(History of The American Cinema, Vol. 1)
Univ CA Press 10x7 pb [5/94] for $34.95
Scribner's 10¼x7½ hardcover [2/90] for $99.00
Transformation of Cinema   "The Transformation of Cinema, 1907-1915" [1990]
by Eileen Bowser
(History of The American Cinema, Vol. 2)
Univ CA Press 10x7 pb [5/94] for $18.21
Scribner's 10¼x7½ hardcover [12/90] for $99.00
Hollywood Pioneers   "Hollywood: The Pioneers" [1979]
by Kevin Brownlow & John Kobal

Knopf hardcover [3/80] out of print/used
HarperCollins hardcover [10/79] out of print/used




Videos & DVDs

Hollywood Celebration   "Hollywood: A Celebration of The American Silent Film" [H.B.O. 1980]
Written & directed by David Gill & Kevin Brownlow, narration by James Mason
Vol. 1: "The Pioneers" HBO VHS [6/98] out of prodn/used
Vol. 2: "In the Beginning" HBO VHS [6/98] out of prodn/used

complete box set
HBO b&w/color VHS [10/2001] 13 tapes - out of prodn/rare
series credits from IMDb

Landmarks of Early Film vol 2   "Landmarks of Early Film" Volume 1 [1994]
Image Ent b&w DVD [7/98] for $26.99
includes Edison Kinestoscope films (1894-96), films by the brothers Lumière (1895-97), films by French special effects pioneer Georges Méliès, documentary 'actualities' {1897-1910), and selected short films from 1903 to 1913
Before Hollywood, There Was Fort Lee on DVD   "Before Hollywood, There Was Fort Lee: Early Moviemaking In New Jersey"
Image Ent. color/b&w DVD [5/2003] for $22.49
includes 40-minute featurette produced by Fort Lee Film Commission in 1964, plus a half-hour version of Maurice Tourneur's "A Girl's Folly" [World Film 1917] showing scenes inside a movie studio; D.W. Griffith's "The New York Hat" [Biograph 1912 short] starring Mary Pickford & Lionel Barrymore; "The Wishing Ring" [World Film 1914 feature] adapted & directed by Maurice Tourneur; and portions of Edwin S. Porter's "Rescued From The Eagle's Nest" [Edison 1908 short] and D.W. Griffith's "The Curtain Pole" [Biograph 1909 short] starring Mack Sennett & Florence Lawrence



Cinema  Pioneers  Links

Cinema Pioneers category at Wikipedia


·            ·            ·


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